Oil burning mechanism



Aug. 9, 1932. c. BURNETT 1,871,108

OIL BURNING MECHANISM Filed May 29, 1930 Patented Aug. 9, 1932 CILLRILEYV BURNETT, F WASHINGTON C. H.; OHIO oIL BURNING MECHANISM Application inea May 29, 1930."Y Yserial No. 1w-A42.`

rChis invention relates to improvements in oil burners and has for an 'outstanding ob# ject the provision of a structurally simple yet highly eliicient burner useful in the generation'of heat for any purpose;

It is'another object of the invention to vprovide an oil burner lwhich is formed to include a longitudinally extending combustion cham`v ber, one end ofwhich is provided With a re- 30 movable perforated vaporizing unit and wherein the other end of the chamber communicates with an outlet or draft iue, and wherein the removable vaporizing unit is Y adapted to substantially close the end of the combustionchamber which it occupies in operation except for the provision of a plu-v rality of draft orifices or perforations formed in said unit and Which provide for the formation of an eficient combustion miXture by the intermingling of air passingthrough the orifices with a vaporized fuel released from an absorption pad carried by said unit7 the fuel carburization secured being such as to effect Vhighly eiiicient combustion in the combustion chamber With' minimum carbon formation. Y

It is a further object of the invention to provide means for delivering a constant or intermittent stream of oil to the absorption S0' pad or pads ofthe removable vaporizing unit situated in the combustion fiue or chamber so that the air, passingeither under natural or forced draft through the orifices of theva-l porizing unit Vmay be intimately and thor- 5 oughly commingled with the vaporized 'fuel to produce efficient and substantially smokeless combustion with no accompanying deposit of harmful carbon.

regulated quantities of steam preferably in a super-heated state bordering on elementall 'It is another object of the invention to iny` troduce into the combustion flue or chamber.

Water in farm stock kdrinking troughs `and which, When used in such outdoor locationsl under exposed conditions of service, Will operate steadily and uniformly independently ofvvind conditions or other'disturbances produced by the elements.l y

With these and other objects in view, which Will appear as the description proceeds, the

invention consists Vin the novel features `of construction, combinations of elements and arrangements of parts hereinafter fullydescribed and pointed out in the appended. claims. f

In the accompanying drawing: Figure lis a vertical sectional View taken through the'improved oil burner comprising the present invention illustrating the sameA in an operating position when used in a. stock Watering tank or trough, l l i 4Figure 2 is a front elevation of the burner, Figure 3 isa verticaltransverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3 -o'f Figure l, Figure 4f is a similar view on the line 4 4 of Figure 3,`

Figure 5 is a vertical lsectional view taken through a Watercontaining tank and illus! tratingthe operating position of the burner therein.v ,Y Y

Referring more particularly to the drawing, especially to Figure 5, the numeral l designates a tank Which is adapted to con# taina body of liquid 2 suclras Water. This tank may be employedy inthe Watering of farm stock or in the heating of Water for any other purpose, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited inv its scope torthe'- provision of an oil burner for any particular purpose, since the burner' may be used in any capacity Whereinrthe generation of `heat is required. The'burner mechanism is indicated generally bythe numeral 3 and in the specific embodiment'thereof disclosed in the 'drawing the said burner comprises a combustion chamber or flue 4 composed of the desired length of sheet metal tubing.` Onerend ofthe flue 4 is provided With ar ange 5 which engages With a packing ring 6 surrounding an opening 7 formed in the cfront Wall 8 ofthe :tank-1, the flange V'being positioned to the Wall 8 by means of bolts loosely positioned within the chamber 4.

The orwardend of the sleeve 13 ,includes The upper end of the flue is'provided with a ventilating hoodllso suitable-. designso shaped as to Vprovide.r'the passage of air longitudinally through 'the'.iines4v and` 10 and to minimize down or back drafts through these lues. The combustioniue 4l is located below theliquid level 2 in thetank 1'A whereby whenthe'mechanismis in active operation efficient heat transfer will take placebetween .the walls of the lilleg 4 and the. liquid'containedin the tank 1.

Adapted to be removably positionedin the open end of thecombustion chamber4 is a 'vaporizing unit i'ndicatedgenerally by numeral 12,l This unit comprises a metallicsleeve lof such diameter that it may be a stationary wall 14 arranged perpendicularly and intermediate of the lengthof the sleeve 13. The opposite 4surfaces otheweb or'wall 14 have Vsecured thereto byrivets or the like 15 absorptivepads 16 and `lawhich are preferably formed from sheetasbestos or other equivalent material.'V The` upper portion of the sleeve is providedwithaforwardly extending trough orhandle 17 which is adapted to be positioned immediately. below an oil feeding pipe` 18l through, which oil passes by gravity from an oil tank 19,

thepipe 1 8 beingprovided .with a. valve20, to 'regulate the l'ow, ofthe. oil throughsaid p ip e Inpractice, the valveis `so adjusted that th-e oil iows by drops onto the inclined Q surfaces of thel troughv 1T and from the trougllfheoil passes bywayot aport 21 into the pad 16,. arrangedon the. inner side of thewall 14, The trough isalso provided, contiguous 4to the port 21, with a` portY 22,

of smallvdiameterwhich permits a .portion .ottheoil to flow onto the. `outerpad 16a.v Thismethod of` deliveringoil tothe pads provides for theirsaturation with the` oil.

and rat thesam? timeprovides for complete vaporization` of the oil.

To elect. such, vaporization, thevwall 14 togetherwith the pads 16 andfla are prof vided withy registering horizontally disposed orifices 234r permitting of lpassage of air from the atmospherethrough the communicating filles 4f. andlO, they latterxflue provi-ding a natural draft or' positive passage of airv thloughthe orifices: to thecombustion cham-- ben 4 without employing supplemental means used in such'apparatus. Passage of the .air through the oriices 23 effects vaporlzation of the oil contained on the pads to produce a combustible mixture, combustion then taking place in thechamber 4. The heat of such combustion, of course, facilitates vaporization of the oil on the pads and an eicient carburetted"l mixture is secured 4by the commingling ofthe air drawn through the orilices'23- with the vaporized oil. l

In operationthefuel mixture is completely consumed in the combustion chamber and a veryohigh temperature obtains in this zone to the burner. The walls of the chamber are protected, however, by being surrounded with theliquid2 'so that the rate of heat transfer betweenthe wallsof -the chamber 44and the liquid'issutliciently high'and eiicient to prevent injuryto the walls 4 by reason of the high temperatures produced in the combustion zone. 1

To further aidicombustion and the forced passage `of, air through the combustion zone, and atv the same time to minimize carbon forf mation and deposit,lhave provided the combustion chamber with va, .steam super-heater 24. This super-heater consists `of a metallic shell located axially in the chamber 4 and supported thereinV by means; oi a .vertically eX-l tending pipe' 2 5' carried by the walls of the flue 4. 'As shown in Figure 4, the upper end of the pipe 25 is' provided with an internallyy threaded ferrule 26Y which. is .adjustably carried bythe open upper end of thepipe 25. The upp'erendofthe'ferrule 26` is provided witha valve sea-t 27 withwhichengages a ballvalve 28, the latter beingmounted for slight movement betweenthe 'seatv 27 and ay pin 29 Vcarried by the upper endof the', pipe 25.' The extentof movement of the valve 28 may be regulated Yby adjusting the posi`V tions of the lerrule 26A with relation` to the pipe. 25.A When' thcjvalve 28 is opened a small amount o'f'water yispermitted t-oqpass into theY super-heaterY2,4,- and thewalls Vof this super-heater are maintained at a temperature providing for the instantaneous generation of steam and likewise the. super# heating` of the steam, as the `relatively,'small quantities of water pass into the super-heater. 1

The development of steam in the super-heater produces a pressure sufficientA to close'theA valve 28'to prevent further inflow fof the liquid,2,and further expansion of the steam per-mitsA of its discharge, from the superheated .throi-lghl an injector nozzle 30 which i extends longitudinallyV of the chamber 4.-L The construction and operation of the superheater is such as to produce the intermittent discharge of steam blasts fromfthe end bithe nozzle 30, increasing thereby the flow-of air'throughfthe combustion chamber-and at the same time permitting,4 associatedsteam; to

. combine with thefcombustionmixture `in the; combustion lZone'to produce moreseiicient combusti-on of said mixture 'and to Vminimize carbon deposition. Y Y

The sleeve 13 may be providedat one/end with `a pin 31 Which is positioned in a longiengages with the pin 31 to prevent accidental longitudinal movement'of the vaporizing unit in an outward direction, movement thereof in an inward direction being limited by a shoulder 34 formed in the chamber 1. By providing the pads 16 and 16a, on both sides of the wall v14, strong back drafts through the combustion chamber are not apt to extinguish combustion and I, therefore, prefer to use the pads as disclosed, although the outer pad-16a is not strictly necessary. The ends of the sleeve 13 are provided with upstanding lips 35 which prevent loss of liquid oil Which may flow from .the pads.

To initiate combustion a vlimited quantity of oil is released from the pipe 18 and by means of an igniting primer (not shown) combustion Within the vaporizing unit may be started. IVithin a short interval combustion becomes so active that the valve 2O may be regulated to supply the desired amount of oil to the burner to eiect its sustained operation. rIhe heat generated Withinthe chamber 4 is intense so that the desired vaporization of the oil is insured as Well as an effective draft through the combustion chamber andk admixture of oxygen With the vaporized oil. The developed heat is extracted by the liquids surrounding the thin Walls of the combustion chamber as indicated by the lovvtemperature of the gases discharged from the hood 11 of the draft flue 10. Y

The present invention is particularly advantageous for use in connection with outdoor heaters, such as in connection lwith campers outfits, stock Watering troughs and other types of water heaters-and in other localities and conditions Where natural drafts only are available. The burner is particularly inexpensive in construction Y and does not involve the employment of motor driven fans and other costly apparatus. The burner may be readily kept ina clean condition for efficient operation, since the removal of the vaporizing unit 12 provides complete access to all parts thereof.

What is claimed is: Y

1. In oil burning mechanism, a horizontally disposed' combustion liu/e, an upright draft flue communicating with the discharge end of the combustion flue, a removable vaporizing unit situated in the inlet end of the combustion flue, said unit being formed with a perforated *Wall having a perforated pad l mosphere,

of a refractory and adsorptive material mounted thereon, and'rneans for delivering regulated quantities of oil to the padded surface ofthe vaporizingunitfv 2. In oil burning mechanism, a 'longitudinally extending combustion flue provided at one end with an upright draft flue, a vaporizing unit removably positionedin one end of said combustion flue, said-unit being formed to embody a perforated Wall having a perforated pad of asbestos applied to the inner surface thereof, the perforations of said Wall and pad being in registration with one another to form communicating passages between the linterior of the vaporizing unit and the atmosphere and means for delivering regulated quantities of oil to said asbestos pad to permitsuch oil to combine With air'passing through the perforations in said wall tol produce a combustion mixture in said combustion flue.

Y 3. In oilfburning mechanism, a conduit formed to provide a combustion chambeu'a vaporizing unit removably positioned i-n one end of said conduit, said vaporizing unit embodying a sleeve of smaller diameter than said conduit, a perpendicular Wall formed with said sleeve and provided With a plurality of perforations establishing communication between the combustion chamber and the atan asbestos containing padl mounted upon at least one of the surfaces of said Wall and having perforations formed therein registering With the perforations in said Wall, and means for delivering regulated quantities of oil to said pad to provide for the vaporization of said oil and the commingling thereof With air dravvn through said perforations to .produce a combustible mixture inv said chamber. A

a. In oil burning mechanism, a longitudinally extending conduit formed to provide a comb-ustion chamber, a vaporizing unit comprising a tubular body removablyy positioned in said combustion chamber, a perpendicular Wall formed with said body and yprovided With perforations, a pad secu-red to at least duce a combustible fuel mixture in said cham,-

ber. v Y

Y 5. A vaporizing unit for oil burnersl comprising a substantially tubular body, a per` pendicularly disposed perforated Wall positioned in said body, a pad secured to at least one of the'surfaces of said Wall and having perforations therein in registration WithY the perforations in said Wall, and a troughv extending from? said-Awalland adapted to regis-v` ter -With asourceof oil supply,Wherebyl said trough servesto direct'i oil onto said padfor vaporization With air passed through the E perforations in said Wall andpad-.

' 6. AvaporiZingunit-for oil burners comprising va tubular body ,member formed at oneV endivith a-.transversely extending perforated Wall, asbestos-containing -pa'ds ap- 1'65 pliedto the opposite'surfaces of said wall,

said pads being formed with perforations registering With the perforations in said Wall,

and a trough extending 'longitudinally from said Wall and adapted to register With a source V1551 of oil supply, the discharge end ofsaid'trough, being'provided With ports for delivering oilv to said pads. l f. p c

7 A vaporlzmgumt for oil burners coinprising a tubular body, -a stationary Wallk eX-y tending transversely acrosssaid body adjacent to one end thereof, said Wall being provided with a pluralityof Vperforations, pads of compressible material applied to the opposite surfaces of said 'Wall, said pads being perforated to align with theperforations in said Wall,and a trough extending longitudi? nally from said Wall andprojecting beyond the confines of said body, saidftroughfbeing arranged to register with a source of oil supply, whereby oilpassinginto'said troughis delivered to .said pads for vaporization from thevsurfacesthereof. u

8. A vaporizing unit for oil 4burners comprising a tubular'body, a stationary Wall yeX-` tending transversely across said body adjacentV to one end tliereof,`said Wall being provided With a plurality of perforations, pads of oompressible material applied to the opposite. surfaces of v.said Wall, said pads being perforated to align with the perforations inl salid'vvall,l a trough extending longitudinally from'said Wall and projectingv beyond the confines of'said body, saidi` trough being arranged toregster with a'source of oil supplyV Wherebyfoil passing into said trough is delivered to saidrpads for vap-orizatlon Yfrornlthe surfaces thereof, and upturned lipsformed Withtheeloiver portions of said body to re-y tain Withinthe confines of said'body liquid oil releasedfrom said pads.

"9. 'In oil burning apparatus,the combinatio-nl With,aliqudontanngtank, of a come; bustion ue pOSitioned in said tanl'belowfth'ej liquid level thereof, a stack` flue VVcommunicating with onefend of said combustion flue and terminating above fthe liquid level of said tank, one ofthe Walls lof said tank being pro" vided With an opening with which the open end of the combustion 'flue registers, a removable Vvaporzing unit :positioned yin the openl endof the combustionvlue-,vsaidunit being formed to embody. a perforated ivall havingl aperforated pad carried byone of the sur-1 faces thereof,uand 4lneansfo'r deliveringy regui lated quantities: ofY oil;l tosaidtpad ,fora pro` ducingf 'ai combustible-'mixture in: the combustion flue. c 10In oilburning apparatus, awlongit'udinallyextending combustion chamber, a transversely arranged ypad* positioned 'inv said chamber, saidvpadbeing formed? With' a plu-r rality :ofpassages extending therethrough establishing communication@ between `said cha'mbcnand:at1nosphere,`and means for delivering*regulated quantities :of oil to l said pad to provide for-the' vaporization ofsaid o'ilfandthe commingling thereof with air engaging directly Withthe Walls of said' paswhereof I aHiX my signature. @HARLEY BURNET'D 

